High Risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Private Tertiary Care Setting in the Philippines: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Testing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v38i1.2141Keywords:
human papillomavirus, oropharyngeal cancer, p16, squamous cell carcinomaAbstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the prevalence and describe the clinical characteristics of high risk HPV mong patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas in our institution utilizing p16 and HPV DNA in-situ hybridization testing and to determine the factors associated with high risk HPV positivity.
Methods:
Design: Retrospective Cohort Review
Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital
Participants: 29
Results: A total of 29 primary oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas were diagnosed during the 11-year study period (January 2010 to December 2021). Based on the HPV in-situ hybridization status, the prevalence of high risk HPV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in our institution was 52%. Majority of these cases were males (87.5%) with a median age of ≤55 years old (60%) who are non-smokers (88.2%) and non-drinkers of alcoholic beverages (80%). There was no statistically significant association between age group, sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, lymph node status and high risk HPV infection. The most common tumor site involved in HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma was the tonsil (87%). Majority demonstrated a nonkeratinizing histology (73%) with positive lymph node status (67%) upon clinical presentation. Fifteen (83%) of the 18 p16 positive squamous cell carcinomas were positive for high risk HPVDNA. Of note, 3 (17%) out of the 18 p16 positive squamous cell carcinomas turned out to have negative HPV DNA-ISH status.
Conclusion: Although no statistically significant correlation between any clinical characteristic with viral status was established, HPV-mediated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in this institution was commonly seen among males aged 54 years old and below who are nonsmokers and non-drinkers of alcoholic beverages with the palatine tonsil as the most common site presenting with a non-keratinizing histology. In terms of testing, p16 staining correlates well with high risk HPV status. Future studies utilizing a larger patient population may aid in elucidating statistically significant clinical associations in our local population
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Copyright transfer (all authors; where the work is not protected by a copyright act e.g. US federal employment at the time of manuscript preparation, and there is no copyright of which ownership can be transferred, a separate statement is hereby submitted by each concerned author). In consideration of the action taken by the Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery in reviewing and editing this manuscript, I hereby assign, transfer and convey all rights, title and interest in the work, including copyright ownership, to the Philippine Society of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. (PSOHNS) in the event that this work is published by the PSOHNS. In making this assignment of ownership, I understand that all accepted manuscripts become the permanent property of the PSOHNS and may not be published elsewhere without written permission from the PSOHNS unless shared under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license.
